Water pollution is one of the biggest challenges for the shrimp aquaculture industry. This does not only cause economic losses but also affect the quality of products and the environment. This article will delve into the causes of pollution, consequences, and especially the solution pond treatment vannamei shrimp when contaminated effective, based on scientific basis and practical experience.

1. Cause pond water vannamei shrimp contaminated

Water pollution shrimp not only adversely affects the health of the shrimp, but also impair productivity and the quality of the seafood. There are many factors that lead to the pollution of this and the following are the main causes.

1.1 Due to organic waste

According to the study, food intake, excess medium can be up to 30% of the total amount of food provided. Besides, if you are not cleaning regularly, shrimp feces can also cause contamination. The accumulation of this compound in the bottom of the pond to create favorable conditions for the development of disease-causing bacteria, from which contaminate the water source.

2.1 Use of antibiotics, excessive allows

Use of antibiotics in an overprotective way in shrimp farming is another factor contributing to water pollution. The overuse of antibiotics, antiseptics, substances that regulate not only cause drug resistance, but also imbalance the ecosystem in the pond. These compounds also contain a significant amount of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and other nutrients to the other, creating the opportunity for pathogenic bacteria to grow.

3.1 much Abuse treatment chemicals water

Lime, potassium permanganate and Chlorine are substances commonly added to control bacteria and other pathogens. However, the use of improper dosage or lack of control can lead to pollution affect the health of the shrimp as well as environmental water.

4.1 Density shrimp too high 

Density dense increases the amount of organic waste, reducing the possibility of self-cleaning of the pond and increase the risk of disease outbreaks.

5.1 other Causes

In addition, water quality original if contaminated by organic substances, chemicals will increase the burden for water treatment system of the pond. And the factors closely related, such as: Shrimp, Temperature, pH ...

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2. How to handle ponds when contaminated standard science

2.1 Prevention of pollution by water filtration system 

The construction of tank system, water filter for fish pond is a cost effective solution to remove the residues, dirt, debris, food scraps... help improve water quality in shrimp. Farmers can apply according to 1 of the 2 following mechanisms:

• Mechanical filtration: Use the filter material, such as sand, sponge to remove the high hovering feet.
• Biological filtration: Use of bio filtration material such as activated carbon, biofilm to absorb the harmful substances, ammonia, nitrites.

2.2 Note the bottom of the pond

The mud bottom ponds periodically is a stitch of utmost importance. By removing the organic waste that accumulates under the bottom, we not only prevent the development of pathogenic bacteria, but also reduces the amount of harmful gases such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide. In parallel, the use of lime to disinfect the bottom of the pond will help to kill the remaining germs and adjust the pH level, creating the ideal habitat for the shrimp

2.3 Improve the control quality shrimp feed

Accurate calculation, using the formula to calculate the amount of food based on the weight of the shrimp and water temperature. Children should be feeding several times by dividing the small amount of food into several meals a day to the shrimp absorb better. At the same time, should use source of food quality has high nutritional content, easy to digest and cause less pollution.

2.4 Replacement by the probiotics in water treatment

The pond treatment vannamei shrimp when contaminated by probiotics are an effective solution environment-friendly. The beneficial microorganisms such as bacteria, yeast, algae,... have the ability to decompose organic matter, reduce the concentration of harmful substances such as ammonia, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide, at the same time improve water quality.

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This is an effective solution to pond treatment vannamei shrimp when contaminated. The use of probiotics not only help to improve water quality, reduce risk of disease, but also contribute to environmental protection. However, to achieve the highest efficiency, farmers need to choose wisely and use the products properly.

2.5 Only the antibiotics necessary as directed by a specialist

In the operation of aquaculture, the use of antibiotics must follow the instructions of the directorate of fisheries and should only be done when really needed, with the correct dosage. Especially in shrimp aquaculture, antibiotics are used to control pathogenic bacteria, inhibit the process of protein synthesis and cell multiplication of bacteria, at the same time disturbs the function of the cell membrane and the plasma membrane. To ensure health and prevent shrimp, slow growth, farmers should limit the use of antibiotics.

In addition, people should be combined use of probiotics from the early stages, this is how to prevent it pond treatment vannamei shrimp when contaminated very effective, prevent disease in shrimp pond. This solution not only helps the shrimp grow better but also reduce the dependence on antibiotics.